ULTRASONIC SOUND BEAM BULGRAL ALARM

            ULTRASONIC SOUND BEAM BULGER  ALARM

hello  friends  today I am gonna  telling  you  about  some  easy  and valuable  electronics projects 
for  school and  college  practical  

This unique burglar alarm makes use of the invisible, inaudible ultrasonic sound beam to detect movements. Ultrasonic transducers operate at maximum efficiency when driven at 40kHz frequency. So an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver pair operating at 40 kHz is used to control the buzzer or the relay The transmitter unit is built around CMOS IC CD4001 (see Fig. 1).

fig1-TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT 

 By adjusting the 22-kilo-ohm preset (VR1), the oscillator frequency can be set to approximately 40 kHz. The ultrasonic transmitter transducer is driven by two complementary buffer stages of CD4001 and its current drain is very low.

 The receiver unit uses a two- stage 40kHz preamplifier followed by switching circuit, buzzer driver, etc (see Fig. 2).

Fig2-receiver circuit 

 Adjust VR2 in the receiver circuit till the buzzer stops sounding while the receiver senses ultrasonic sound from the transmitter. When the ultrasonic beam is interrupted by the movement of a person or any other object crossing its path, NPN transistor T1 stops conducting and transistor T5 conducts. It activates the buzzer and LED1 for three to four seconds. This duration depends on the time taken by 470uF capacitor (C8) connected at the base of transistor T5 to discharge fully through resistor R13.

 The burglar alarm duration can be set to a desired value with the values of C8 and R13. The alarm circuit comprising transmitter, receiver and associated circuits operates off a 9-12V regulated power supply. The receiver circuit requires regulated 12V.

 You can also use un- regulated power supply here. Assemble the transmitter and receiver circuits on separate general- purpose PCBS. Align the ultrasonic transducer such that the signal falls directly on the ultrasonic receiver. The piezo buzzer (Pz1) can be replaced with a relay to control the mains-operated alarm.

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